In June 2015, SpaceX announced that it would build a 1-mile-long (1.6 km) test track to be located next to SpaceX's Hawthorne facility. The trademark " HYPERLOOP", applicable to "high-speed transportation of goods in tubes" was issued to SpaceX on 4 April 2017. The Hyperloop Alpha was released as an open source design. Musk has also invited feedback to "see if the people can find ways to improve it". An ideal hyperloop system will be more energy-efficient, quiet, and autonomous than existing modes of mass transit. According to the alpha design, pods would accelerate to cruising speeds gradually using linear electric motors and glide above their track on air bearings through tubes above ground on columns or below ground in tunnels to avoid the dangers of grade crossings. An early system conceptual model was published in the Tesla and SpaceX blogs which describes one potential design, function, pathway, and cost of a hyperloop system. įrom late 2012 until August 2013, a group of engineers from both Tesla and SpaceX worked on the modeling of Musk's Hyperloop. In May 2013, Musk likened his Hyperloop to a "cross between a Concorde and a railgun and an air hockey table". Musk envisions the more advanced versions will be able to go at hypersonic speed. The name Hyperloop was chosen because it would go in a loop.
This hypothetical high-speed mode of transportation would have the following characteristics: immunity to weather, collision free, twice the speed of a plane, low power consumption, and energy storage for 24-hour operations. Musk first mentioned that he was thinking about a concept for a "fifth mode of transport", calling it the Hyperloop, in July 2012 at a PandoDaily event in Santa Monica, California. Goddard, a freshman at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. 6 Political and economic considerationsĪfter being conceived in 1799, the vactrain was invented in 1904 by Robert H.5 Criticism and human factor considerations.3.1 TUM Hyperloop (previously WARR Hyperloop).
Overloop train trial#
Virgin Hyperloop conducted the first human trial in November 2020 at its test site in Las Vegas, reaching a top speed of 172 km/h (107 mph). Technical University of Munich Hyperloop set the hyperloop speed record of 463 km/h (288 mph) in July 2019 at the pod design competition hosted by SpaceX in Hawthorne, California. The hyperloop concept has been promoted by Musk and SpaceX, and other companies or organizations have been encouraged to collaborate and develop the technology. Transportation analysts challenged the cost estimates included in the white paper, with some predicting that a realized hyperloop would be several billion dollars over budget. His initial concept incorporated reduced-pressure tubes in which pressurized capsules ride on air bearings driven by linear induction motors and axial compressors. Musk further promoted the concept by publishing a white paper in August 2013, which conceived of a hyperloop route running from the Los Angeles region to the San Francisco Bay Area, roughly following the Interstate 5 corridor. Elon Musk renewed interest in hyperloop after mentioning it in a 2012 speaking event. The hyperloop has its roots in a concept by George Medhurst in 1799 and subsequently developed under the names pneumatic railway, atmospheric railway or vactrain. The Hyperloop, in the initial form proposed by Musk, differs from vactrains by relying on residual air pressure inside the tube to provide lift by aerofoils and propulsion by fans. The terminal handles pod arrivals and departures.
Overloop train free#
The pod is a coach pressurized at atmospheric pressure that runs substantially free of air resistance or friction inside this tube, using magnetic propulsion (in some cases augmented by a ducted fan).
The tube is a large sealed, low-pressure system (usually a long tunnel).
Hyperloop systems comprise three essential elements: tubes, pods, and terminals. The term was popularized by Elon Musk to describe a modern project based on the vactrain concept (first appearance 1799). A hyperloop is a proposed high-speed transportation system for both public and goods transport.
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